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Languages of Spain
Castilian
"Spanish" (español (help·info)) or "Castilian" (Castellano) is a Romance language originally from the northern area of Spain. From there, its use gradually spread inside the Kingdom of Castile, where it evolved and eventually became the principal language of the government and trade. It was later taken to Africa, the Americas and Asia Pacific when they were brought under Spanish colonial rule between the 15th and 19th centuries.
Today, it is one of the official languages of Spain, most Latin American countries and Equatorial Guinea. In total, 21 nations use Spanish as their primary language. Spanish is also one of six official languages of the United Nations.
Euskara
"Basque" (native name: "Euskara") is the language spoken by the Basque people who inhabit the Pyrenees in North-Central Spain and the adjoining region of South-Western France.
It is spoken by approximately a quarter of the Basques, with its stronghold in the contiguous area formed by eastern Guipúzcoa, northwestern Navarre and the sparsely populated French Lower Navarre and Soule. It is not spoken in most of Álava, in western Biscay, or in the southern half of Navarre. Out of a total of nearly 3,000,000 Basques, it is estimated that some 632,000 are Basque language speakers, of which approximately 566,000 live in the Spanish Basque country, with the rest resding in the French part of it.[2]
While being a heavily-dialectalized language (especially when compared to the rather small distribution range), it has been standardized and updated by the end of the 20th century by means of its Batua version. This one is mainly used in the Spanish Basque country, and not so much by French speakers.
The Basques occupy a Spanish autonomous community known as the Basque Country (Euskadi), which has significant cultural and political autonomy, the Northern Basque Country in French department of the Pyrennées Atlantiques, and the autonomous community of Navarre in Spain, which together make up the historical Basque Country (Euskal Herria). The Standard Basque name for the language is "euskara". In dialectal forms it is known as "euskara", "euskera", "eskuara", or "üskara".
Catalan
"Catalan" pronounced /'k?æt??læn/ (català IPA: [k?t?'la] or [kata'la]) is a Romance language, the national language of Andorra, and a co-official language in the Spanish autonomous communities of The Balearic Islands, Catalonia and Valencia, and in the city of Alghero in the Italian island of Sardinia. It is also spoken, although with no official recognition, in the autonomous communities of Aragon (in La Franja) and Murcia (in Carche) in Spain, and in the Roussillon region of southern France, which is more or less equivalent to the département of the Pyrénées-Orientales.
Galician
"Galician" (Galician: "Galego", IPA: [ga'lego]) is a language of the Western Ibero-Romance branch, spoken in Galicia, an autonomous community with the constitutional status of "historic nationality," located in northwestern Spain and small bordering zones in neighbouring autonomous communities of Asturias and Castilla y León.
Galician and Portuguese were, in medieval times, a single language which linguists call Galician-Portuguese, Medieval Galician, or Old Portuguese, spoken in the territories initially ruled by the medieval Kingdom of Galicia. Both languages are even today united by a dialect continuum located mainly in the northern regions of Portugal.

Other languages, dialects and varieties. Spoken in Spain
Asturian
Aragonese
Leonese
Extremaduran
Andalusian Spanish
Canarian Spanish
Murcian Spanish